Valve models typically indicate elements such as valve type, driving method, connection form, structural characteristics, nominal pressure, sealing surface material, and valve body material. The standardization of valve models provides convenience for valve design, selection, and distribution.
Valve Model Numbering Method and Explanation
With the increasing variety of valve types and materials, the compilation of valve models has become increasingly complex. Although China has a unified standard for valve model numbering, it has gradually become insufficient to meet the needs of industrial development. Currently, valve manufacturers generally adopt a unified numbering method; for cases where a unified method cannot be applied, individual manufacturers may develop their own numbering systems67.
1st Unit: Valve Type Code
| Type | Safety Valve | Butterfly Valve | Diaphragm Valve | Check Valve Bottom Valve | Globe Valve | Throttle Valve | Blowdown Valve | Ball Valve | Steam Trap | Plunger Valve | Plug Valve | Pressure Reducing Valve | Gate Valve |
| code | A | D | G | H | J | L | P | Q | S | U | X | Y | Z |
When the valve has additional functions or specific structural features, a Chinese phonetic alphabet (Pinyin) letter is prefixed to the valve type code, as specified in the table below.
| Second Function/Structure | code | Second Function/Structure | code |
| Heat-traced | B | Slag discharge | P |
| Low-temperature | Da | Quick-acting | Q |
| Fire-safe | F | Bellows-sealed (Stem Seal) | W |
| Slow-closing | H | — | — |
| a Low-temperature valves are designed for operating temperatures below -46°C. |
2nd Unit: Actuation Method
| Actuation Method | Electromagnetic | Electro-Hydraulic | Hydraulic-Electric | Worm Gear | Spur Gear | Bevel Gear | Pneumatic | Hydraulic | Pneumatic-Hydraulic | Electric | Hand wheel |
| code | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | No Code |
Safety valves, pressure reducing valves, steam traps, and valves with handwheel-direct stem operation omit this code.
Pneumatic/Hydraulic Valves: Normally open types use 6K/7K; normally closed types use 6B/7B
Explosion-proof electric actuators use 9B.
3rd Unit: Connection Type
| Connection Type | Internal Thread | External Thread | Dual Connections | Flange | Welded | Wafer | Clamp | Compression |
| code | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
4th Unit: Structural Type
Valve structural types are represented by Arabic numerals as specified below.
Gate Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | ||
| Rising Stem (OS&Y) | Wedge Disc | Elastic Disc | 0 |
| Rigid Disc | Single Disc | 1 | |
| Double Disc | 2 | ||
| Parallel Disc | Single Disc | 3 | |
| Double Disc | 4 | ||
| Non-Rising Stem (NRS) | Wedge Disc | Single Disc | 5 |
| Double Disc | 6 | ||
| Parallel Disc | Single Disc | 7 | |
| Double Disc | 8 |
Globe Valve, Throttle Valve, and Plunger Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code | ||
| Valve disc unbalanced | Straight Flow | 1 | valve disc balanced | Straight Flow | 6 |
| Z-shaped Flow | 2 | Angle Flow | 7 | ||
| Three-way Flow | 3 | — | — | ||
| Angle Flow | 4 | — | — | ||
| Straight Flow | 5 | — | — |
Ball Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code | ||
| Floating ball | Straight Flow | 1 | Fixed ball | Straight Flow | 7 |
| Y-shaped Three-way | 2 | Four-way | 6 | ||
| L-shaped Three-way | 4 | T-shaped Three-way | 8 | ||
| T-shaped Three-way | 5 | L-shaped Three-way | 9 | ||
| — | — | Hemispherical Straight | 0 |
Butterfly Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code | ||
| Sealed | Single Eccentric | 0 | non sealed | Single Eccentric | 5 |
| Center Vertical Plate | 1 | Center Vertical Plate | 6 | ||
| Double Eccentric | 2 | Double Eccentric | 7 | ||
| Triple Eccentric | 3 | Triple Eccentric | 8 | ||
| Linkage Mechanism | 4 | Linkage Mechanism | 9 |
Diaphragm Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code |
| Weir Flow | 1 | Straight Flow | 6 |
| Straight Flow | 5 | Y-shaped Angle Flow | 8 |
Plug Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code | ||
| Packing seal | Straight Flow | 3 | oil seal | Straight Flow | 7 |
| T-shaped Three-way | 4 | T-shaped Three-way | 8 | ||
| Four-way | 5 | — | — |
Check Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code | ||
| Lift type valve disc | Straight Flow | 1 | swing type valve disc | Single Disc | 4 |
| Vertical | 2 | Multi-disc | 5 | ||
| Angle Flow | 3 | Double Disc | 6 | ||
| — | — | — | Butterfly Type | 7 |
Safety Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code | ||
| Spring-loaded, Sealed | Full Lift w/ Fins | 0 | Spring-loaded, Unsealed w/ Lever | Slightly Open | 3 |
| Slightly Open | 1 | Slightly Open | 7 | ||
| Full Lift | 2 | Full Lift | 8 | ||
| Full Lift w/ Lever | 4 | — | — | ||
| Lever Type | Single Lever | 2 | Controlled Full Lift | 6 | |
| Double Lever | 4 | Pulse Type | 9 |
Pressure Reducing Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code |
| Diaphragm Type | 1 | Bellows Type | 4 |
| Spring-Diaphragm | 2 | Lever Type | 5 |
| Piston Type | 3 | — | — |
Steam Trap Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code |
| Float Ball | 1 | Pressure/Membrane | 6 |
| Open Bucket | 3 | Bimetal | 7 |
| Expansion Type | 4 | Pulse | 8 |
| Inverted Bucket | 5 | Thermodisc | 9 |
Blowdown Valve Structural Codes:
| Structure | code | Structure | code | ||
| Liquid level connection discharge | Globe Straight | 1 | liquid bottom intermittent discharge | Globe Oblique | 5 |
| Globe Angle | 2 | Globe Straight | 6 | ||
| — | — | Globe Angle | 7 | ||
| — | — | Floating Gate Straight | 8 |
5th Unit: Seal Pair Material
If seal pair materials differ, the code represents the softer material.
6th Unit: Nominal Pressure
Numerically represented as 10× the MPa value (e.g., 16 = 1.6 MPa).
7th Unit: Valve Body Material
| Valve Material | Titanium & Alloy | Carbon Steel | Cr13 stainless steel | Cr-Mo Steel | Sulco Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd | ||
| code | A | C | H | I | |||
| Valve Material | Malleable Cast Iron | Aluminum Alloy | 18-8 stainless steel | Ductile Iron | |||
| code | K | L | P | Q | |||
| Valve Material | Mo2Ti stainless steel | Plastic | Coppe & Alloy | Cr-Mo-V Steel | Gray Cast Iron | ||
| code | R | S | T | V | Z |
Gray cast iron (low-pressure) and carbon steel (medium-pressure) valves omit this code.
Example: Z543H-16C = Bevel gear-actuated, flange-connected flat gate valve, nominal pressure 1.6 MPa, carbon steel body.
Valve Naming Rules
Valve names follow the sequence: Actuation Method > Connection Type > Structural Type > Lining Material > Valve Type. Omitted elements include:
(1) Connection Type: "Flange."
(2) Structural Type:
a：Gate valve: "Rising stem," "Elastic," "Rigid," "Single disc."
b：Globe/Throttle valves: "Straight flow."
c：Ball valves: "Floating," "Straight flow."
d：Butterfly valves: "Vertical plate."
e：Diaphragm valves: "Weir flow."
f：Plug valves: "Packed," "Straight flow."
g：Check valves: "Straight flow," "Single disc."
h：Safety valves: "Unsealed."
(3)Seal Material Names in seal pair codes.
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